|
Hrotsvitha of Gandersheim ((ラテン語:Hrotsvitha Gandeshemensis)), (c. 935 – c. 1002), was a 10th-century German secular canoness, as well as a dramatist and poet who lived and worked at Gandersheim Abbey in modern-day Bad Gandersheim, Lower Saxony, established by the Ottonian dynasty. She wrote in Latin, and is considered by some to be the first person since antiquity to compose drama in the Latin West. She has also been called "the most remarkable woman of her time." Hrotsvitha's name appears variously in the forms Hrosvite, Hroswitha, Hroswithe, Rhotswitha, Roswit and modernized Roswitha. The name is Old Saxon for "strong honour", which she rather adventurously re-interpreted to mean "a clarion voice"〔.〕 〔Graeme Dunphy, "Perspicax ingenium mihi collatum est: Strategies of authority in chronicles written by women", in Juliana Dresvina, ''Authority and Gender in Medieval and Renaissance Chronicles'', Cambridge Scholars Publishing: Cambridge, 2012 ((online )).〕 ==Life and background== Hrotsvitha’s family lineage, at what time she entered the nunnery, and what reasons led her to take the veil are unknown. There is no direct evidence concerning the dates of her birth, consecration, and death. Hrotsvitha’s biography largely depends on her own accounts or results of inferential reasoning. For instance, in her historical poem, “Carmen de Primordiis Coenobii Gandersheimensis”, she tells us that she entered the world a long while after the death of Otto (the father of Henry the Saxon), which occurred in 912. From the overall disposition of her works, scholars are sure she lived at Gandersheim, and they infer that she was born into the Saxon nobility. Due to the depth of her point of view in her writings, it is widely believed that she took the veil later in life. Also, some scholars think it is quite possible that she had gone through some of the experiences of love and renunciation that are so persistent throughout her legends and plays. She studied under Rikkardis and Abbess Gerberga, daughter of the German king Henry the Fowler. Gerberga's brother, Otto I, penned a history that became one of Hrotsvitha's poetical subjects, in her ''Carmen de Gestis Oddonis Imperatoris'', which encompasses the period up to Otto's coronation as Emperor in 962. Hrotsvitha was noted for her great learning and was introduced to Roman writers by Gerberga. Hrotsvitha's work shows familiarity not only with the Church fathers, but also with classical poetry, including Virgil, Horace, Ovid, Plautus and Terence (on whom her own verse was modeled). Several of her plays draw on the so-called apocryphal gospels. Her works form part of the Ottonian Renaissance. Hrotsvitha believed Otto had an affinity for Italy because of romances set there like the story of Geoffrey Rudel. Pilgrims returned commending the troubled Queen Adelheid. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hrotsvitha」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|